Press for forming insulating members for spark plugs



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I H. RABEZZANA v IPRESS FOR FORMING INSULATING MEMBERS FbR SPARK-PLUGS v Filed-May? ,1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 10, 1,925.

H. RABEZZANA PRESS FVOR FQRMING INSULATING MEMBERS FOR SPARK PLUGS s sheets-sheet 2 Filed May 8, 192,2

Feb. 10. 1925. H. RABEZZANA PRESS FOR FORMING INSULATING MEMBERS FOR SPARK PLUGS v 1922. I5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 8 r I Q 8440mm;

ggzz zzizzvm $113K?) wo'ome f eb. 10, 192 5.

' UNITED; sums I 1,525,692 PATENT OFFICE.

nncron nABEzzA A, orrnmnmrcmean, 'ASSIGNOR TO AG SPARK PLUG comram, or FLINT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION or MICHIGAN.

7 PRESS FORMING INSULATING MEMBERS FOR, SPARK PLUGS.

Application filed May 8,1922. Serial No. 559,307.

To all. whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, .Hnc'ron RAsnzzANs, a subject of the King of Italy, and a resident of Flint, county of Genesee, and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Presses for Forming Insulating Members for S ark Plugs, of which the following is a ful clear, concise, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which the invention relates to make and use the same, reference being made therein to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to extruding presses designed to .form blanks for the insulating inembei s of spark plugs from a plastic porcelain material composed for the most part of clay, by forcing the said material from a cylinder through a suitable die or passage and dividing the issuing stream or column into proper lengths for insulator blanks; although my. invention is capable of various other uses and is not limited to the sparkplug art as various parts and features thereof are .capable-jof use in extruding presses generally, irrespective of the particular product or article produced in the oper-' ation thereof. vp The principal object of my invention is to provide'a device of theclass above men- 'tioned' whereinthe blanks produced will conform more closely to the form .of the finished insulators than has hertofore commonly been the case, so that the amountof material which has to be removed by turning, forming 'or'equivalent shapin operation performed upon the blanks be ore dry-.. ingand, firing them, is reduced to a IIllIllmum; and a further object of my inventionis to provide various improvements 1n and .relating'to subordinate parts and auxiliary features of presses of-the type above mentioned, and which are capable of use in most cases in extruding presses generally, irrespective of the'character of the product thereof.

lViththe above and other objects of invention-in view my inventionsconsists in the improved extrudingpress and. subordinate parts and elements thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings and hereinafter'describedand claimed; and in such variations and modifications thereof, within the scope of the concluding claims, as will be obvious to those skilled in the art to whichmy in- 'vention relates.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part'of this specification and wherein the preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated: i

v Figure 1 is a view showing my improved press partly in side elevation and partly in section, the same being shortened by leaving out a considerable intermediate'length of the cylinder, and of various connecting rods and other elements ,of'the deviceQf Figure 2 is a View showing a section upon horlzontal planes indicated by the line 2,2, Figure 1,looking down,

indicated by the line 3, 3, Figure- 1.

'10 Figure 3 is a similar view upon a plane Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view upon a vertical plane showing the passage or nozzle through which the plastic clay na-' nozzle and cooperating therewith.

Figure 7 is a view showinga section upon a vertical transverse plane indicated by the line'7, 7, Figure 2,-the screw operating member hereinafter referred to, however, being shown in its central position. I;

Figure 8 is a View sho-wingthe lower or base portion of my improved press in elevation and from a position to the left of Figure 2.

Figure -9 is a view relatin to the column of plastic material issuing rom the nozzle 0r outlet passage of the press in the operation thereof, and referred to hereinafter in ferring now to the drawings wherein like parts are designated by the same reference numerals in the several. views ,the nu- -ex'pcl-aining the operationo'f my invention.

meral 10 designates a suitablebase castin and 11, 11 two tension members o'rftie-ro extending upwardly therefrom and which support a head 12 at their upper ends; and 13 designates a cylinder extending between the head and a platform .14 which-is Silga ported between and infixed relation to base 10 and head 12'; the middle part of the no} cylinder being broken away to reduce the tion, as-will hereinafter appear.

, tice the base is located beneath a floor, and

length of the viewin which it is shown, and the same forming a receptacle in which the plastic material: is contained and from which it is forced when the machine is in opera- In prac-- the platform may be substantially at the level of the floor, or the base may rest upon a floor above which the platform is supported by suitable supporting members; as

. these are features'not directly involved in'.

my invention. The platform commonly extends to one side of the head and the normal position of the base of the cylinder so that a cylinder filled with clay may be placed thereupon, and then moved sidewise and into proper position beneath the head and rela-- tive to an outlet extending Jtherethrough and relative to' a piston arranged to enter the cylinder and moveupward therein to thereby extrude the clay therefrom; and said cylinder is provided with a packing ring 15 at its upper end which is pressed into firm contact with the under side of the head upon 5 initial upward movement of the piston as it enters the cylinder, and is so held during the time that the clay is being forced therefrom. The cylinder is made slightly shorter than the distance between the head 12 and platform 14 so that it may be moved sidewise on the platform and removed to refill it, and

then returned 'to proper position in the press; and a plurality of readily removable pins 16 fit in holes in the platform to prop- 5 erly position the lower end of the cylinder,

so that the piston may enter thereinto, in the embodiment of my invention illustrated.

The piston above referred to is designated by the reference numeral 17 and is shown as supported u on the upper end of av sleeve 18 carried by e reciprocating cross head 19 which is guided by the tension rods 11, or otherwise, the middle portion of the sleeve being broken away as the length 5 thereof corresponds approximately with the length of the c linder, so that the piston may be moved throughout substantially the entire length of the cylinder; and up and down movement is imparted to the cross head and to the piston by a screw 20 cooperating with a nut 21, which is carried by the cross head, as shown} The parts are so constructed and arranged that the upper end of the piston may move downward slightly below the upper surface of the platform 14-, so

so to force all, or substantially allgof the clay contained-within the cylinder out therefrom and through an outlet passage 22-leading from the cylinder through the head and to a point above the same. lhis outlet passage is shown as provided in and extending through a tube or nozzle 23 whichis made separate from the head 12 and isscrewed into a threaded opening therein, in thepa-rticular embodiment of myinvention illustrated and described herein;

4 The screw 20 is operated from a. pulley 21 secured to a suitable shaft which operates a second shaft 25 through suitable gearing 26, 27, and which shaft 25 carries a gr'ooved arm 28 along which a crank pin 29 is adjustable as by a screw 30; and which crank pin is connected with a reciprocating-member 31 slidable in a suitable guide secured to the base 10 through a pitman 32, the ends of which are secured oneto said crank pin and the other to said reciprocating slide member. The sliding member 31 is operatively connected with .an arm 33 extending from an oscillating screw actuating member 34 which is loose upon the screw 20, and which arm is slidable in a transverse hole provided in a cylindrical rocking member 35 supported in a bearing in said sliding member; and said oscillating member carries a plurality of spring pressed pawls, one of which is shown at 36, and which pawls engage a ratchet wheel 37 which is secured to the screw 20 so as to drive the same; whereby reciprocating movement of the slide 31 will impart oscillatory movement to the member 3 1, and intermittent or step by step rotary movement to the screw 20. i

The arrangement of the parts thus far referred to is such that movement of the screw 20 as aforesaid forces the piston 17 upward, and forces the plastic clay material out from the cylinder 13 through the passage in the nozzle 23, as will be appreciated. The gear 27.is rotatable independently of the shaft 25 and is connected therewith to drive the same through any suitable clutch mechanism shown, conventionally, as a sliding jaw clutch 38; so that the machine may be stopped at any time preferably through a footoperated pedal 39 upon the platform 14 near where the operator is supposed to stand, and which pedal is operatively connected with the clutch through any suitable connecting membersm When all or nearly all the porcelain or clay material has been forced from the cylinder 13 the machine will be stopped, the pawls 36 .\,vithdrawn and held away from the ratchet "37, and the screw 20 rotated reversely through ahand operated pinion 40 mesh.- ing with a gear 41 fast upon the said screw until the piston 17 is moved below the upper surface of the platform '14, whereupon the empty cylinder may be moved laterally and refilled with clay material, or removed entirely from the press anda second filled cylinder substituted therefor, as hereinbcfore explained.

The reference numeral 42 designates a re ciprocating sleeve surrounding and movable downwardly by vertically upon and relative to the noazle 23 and having an inwardly extending flange 143 at its upper end, and an outwardly e.X-

tending" flange 44 at j its .lower end, and which sleeve is forced and held upward ly by a spring 45 acting between the upper end of the' head 12 and the under side of the said flange 44; said sleeve being pulled ayoked lever 46 pivotally supported at 4 and the two'sides of which, see Figure 3, are bent downward (as shown in Figure l) and bear upon the'fiange 44- at diametrically opposite points. This lever 46 is operated-by a rod 47 l the upper end of which is pivotally connected therewith at 48, and the lower end of which is'pivotally connected at 49 with a connectingxmem her 50 in threadedengagement with'a pas-. sage p'rovidedin an oscillating sleeve 51' pivotally supported at 52; and which sleeve is operated from a' cam which is fast upon the shaft 25 and which acts upon a- -roller 54 at the free end of a carrier 55 similar to the member 50,' and similarly adjustable tovarythe effective length of the lever formedby the sleve 51 and thememhers 50 and 55; the features of adjustment being'provided'toi regulate closely the down ward movement imparted to the sleeve .42

and tomaintain uniformity as regards the oli'ect produced by such downward movement upon the columnof plastic material issuing from the passage 22 when the press is in operation.

1 Located between the'upper end offthe discharge-nozzle 23 and the flange 43 of the sleeve 42 is an annular compressible member 56 made' for example, of rubber and .whi'ch, while normally or an internal ameter cor-responding approximately with.-

- the passage 22 will; upon being compressed by downward movement of the sleeve 42,"

assume the form indicated in dottedlines in' Figure 4and act to reduce. the area. of the passage through the said nozzle; or, as otherwise expressed, will act to constrict the passage through which the plastic material flows from the-press when'the inner periphcry of said annular'memheris moved inward, radially, and toward the axis of said passage; such movement occurring'periodically and once during eachrotation of the shaft 25,' as will be appreciated. 1 The ef feet of this is to reduce theidiameter of the stream or column of plastic material issuing from the, passage 22 (and which wouldotherwise he cylindrical) at regular inter- ,vals along the length thereof, as-shown (1 b and ovin Figure- 9,-thus producing a series of blanks conforming closely to thefinished form of the insulators and econom1zing in the use of clay material;. as these i reduced portionsconstitute the-end portions of, the blanks from i which the insulating members are formed, which endportions are ate;

of materialless, diameter than theintermediate portion (Z of-the insulator which is held in place in'the casing of the spark plug for which the finished'insulating menr hers are provided.

The extent of reduction in diameter of the issuing column of plastic material atiintervals along the same, aswell also as the form 'of such reduced portions, are obviously'dependent upon the form of the'can 53 and upon the extent to which the in-' ner wall of the annular constrictible member 56 is forced inward as 'hereinbefore 6X- 'plained; thedegreeof'com ression and cousequent vdistortion of. sai member being hers 50 and 55 with a cam of definite throw,

will be understood. It will also be ap--' preciate'd that the blanks are intended to be subjected to a subsequent turning operation in a machine resembling a lathe and wherein the blanks are given a form corresponding with thefinished insulators; the

reducing of the diameter of the issuing col umn. of plastic-material being for the purpose of economizing in material and producing blanks approximating'the form of the 'finished insulators, and'not to produce insulators intheir precise finished form.

Theissuing column of clay material'is cuttransversely at the reduced'portions thereof, that is, approximately at the oints a in Figure 9, to thereby provide in ividual blanks from which theinsulating members. to be produced are formed; the cutting mechanismbeing adjustable so as-to sever the col umnat diiferentplaces along the reduced portions. and'be't'ween successive full sized portions (which are formed at such times as the annular constrictible member is not compressed and distorted) to thereby vary the relative lengths'of the reducedportions understood.

The severing of the issuing column of clay material 1nto individual spark plug insuat the two ends of the blanks, as will he as through a belt 60; said shaft having an i armitilat its lower end acted upon, by a spring 62 which serves to keep the knife out of the path of the issuing column of plastic ,material and which arm carries a set SCI'G.W

63 through whih the-arrn.61 and shaft 58 are operated to swing the knife 57 inward at proper intervals to cut the column apart at the proper points. The means illustrated-for operating the knife 57 comprises a reciprocating annular conicalcam. 64 surrounding and movable verticallvupon the sleeve 42 and the upper end of which, as

so dependent upon the adjustment of the meminner end of the set screw 63 and swingsthe arm 61 outward thus causing v mo.ve-

ment of the knife inward and toward the,

axis of-the nozzle and across the column of clay issuing therethrough; the'set screw being adjustable to limit outward swinging movement' of the knife by a suitable nut thereupon as best shown in Figure 5. This cam is operated by a second bifurcated lever also pivotally supported at 47, and the free inner ends of which are pivotally connected at 66 to opposite sides of the conical cam 64 so as to move the same both upward 21nd downward; the outer end of this lever being pivotally connected at 6'7 with the upper end of a vertically movable oper ating' rod 68. The lower end of this oper ating rod extends through an opening in a guide 69 carried by the base of the machine, and is pushed upwardly by a spring 70 acting thereupon; said rod being moved downward by an oscillating i'rame'il pivotally .supported from the base at 72 and having a hole through which the lower end of the rod extends, a nut being threaded upon said lower end to provide an abutment for conr municating downward movement to the rod. The frame 71 is swung downward by a roller at the lower end of a short link 73 pivotally connected with the free end of the slide 31, and which roller acts upon an inclined cam 74 upon the frame as the slide moves to the left, Figure l; the lower end of the link being free to swing toward the left as the slide returns toward the right, but prevented from movement in a reverse direction beyond a substantially vertical position by cooperating stops at the joint between said link and the slide.

Extending upward from the abutment 12 are two guide rods 75, '75 connected together at their upper ends by a cross bar 76; and 77 designates a reciprocating cross head having guide tubes 78, 7 8 slidable upon the said guide rods, the extent of movement of said cross head being determined by abutments 79, SO carried by rods 81, 81 supported'from the cross bar 76, as best shown in Figure (3 of the drawings. The cross head 77 carries a guide tube 82 within which a reciprocating blank piercing and support ing needle or spindle 83 operates, suitable manually operable latch mechanism 84 carried by the cross head being provided for holding the spindle in the lowermost posi- .tion in which it is shown. A comparatively long spring ,85,has its lower end connected with the upper end of the needle'88 and its upper end connected to a fixed abutment, and said piercing member is provided with a cross handle 86 which the operator of the machine may grasp to force the needle downward; the spring 85' being made long in order that its tension or lifting action ing needle relative thereto;

estates greatly whatever may be the will not var lie cross head and of the piercposition of t The operation of this last described part of my invention is substantially as follows: Assuming a blank to havebeen cut ofi from the end of the advancing stream or column of plastic material issuing through the passage 22 and removed from the machine, the operator will now grasp the handle 86 and depress the spindle 83, as well also as the cross head 77; the spindle being thus forced into the mass of plastic material at the outlet end of the discharge passage and f orming the passage in the insulator blank through-which the inner insulated electrode of the finished plug extends. The spindle is shown as of two diameters in order that for which the insulators which the machine illustrated is intended to produce are larger at their outer than at their inner ends.

The latch 84 will catch and hold the needle 83 in its lowermost position and as the column of plastic material issues from the nozzle, slowly, as will be appreciated, the needle and cross head will move upward until a length corresponding with a blank shall have issued from 'the nozzle; the mechanism for reducing the cross-sectional area of the issuing stream having operated meanwhile, as will be understood.

After a blank has been forced from the nozzle and formed the cutting mechanism operates to sever it from the advancing column. leaving the blank empaled upon the spindle; after which the operator grasps the blank and operates the latch 84, whereupon the spring 85 will withdraw the spindle from the blank so that it may be again depressed as hereinbet'ore explained.

Having thus *descrbed and explained my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a machine of the class described, a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic material; a passage leading from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle through, said passage; and means associated with said passage for periodically constricting the same. to thereby reduce thearea of the stream of plastic material issuing from said passage at intervals along the length thereof.

2. In a machine of the class described, a. receptacle adapted to contain a plastic material; a passage leading from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle through said passage; and means for regularly and periodically varying theai'ea of said passage as the plastic material flows therethrough, to thereby yary the area of the stream of plastic matenal issuing 'from'said passage at inter vals alongthc length thereof.

3 In a machine of the class described, a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic ma-.

' terial; anozzle having a passage through whichplastic material may flow from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic ma-. terial out from said receptacle through sald passage: an constrictible member associated with said nozzle and adapted to reduce the area of the passageaforesaid; and means constricting said member atregular inter vals asplastic material flows from'said receptacle thropgh said passage.

4. In a machine of the class described, a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic ma= terial; a nozzle" having a-"passgewithrough which plastic material may flow from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle; through said passage; [an annular member carried by said nozzle and through Wl11Cl1 plastic. materlal flowing through said passage flows; means carried by said nozzle for forcing the sinner I periphery orwall of said member inward toward the axis of said nozzle to thereby redu'ce the area of the passage aforesaid; and means .for operating said forcing means at regular intervals .as

the plasticmaterial flows from said recepr taclc-L i v 5. In a machine of'the class described, a receptacle-adapted to contain a plastic mae having a passage through which plastic material may flow from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic materialgout from said receptacle through said passage in; a substantially continuous stream; and means carried by said nozzle and acting upon the stream of plastic material issuing therefrom for reducing the cross-sectional area of said stream at regu lar intervals.

6. In a machine of the class described, a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic'mater-ial; a nozzle having-a passage through which plastic material may flowfrom said receptacle; means for forcing plastic ma;

terial out from said receptacle through said passage; an annular memb'ercarried by said nozzle and; registeringwith the; passage fill therein and which memberis yieldable in the direction vof its axis and thearrangement of which is such that its inner periphery or wall moves inward 'radially'and toward the arcs of the passage aforesaid as said member is compressed; and means for compressing said yieldable member at regularintervals as a stream of plastic material issues from said nozzle.

7. In a machine of the class described; a

receptacle adapted to contain a plastic ma terial'; a nozzle hav ng a passage through which plastic material may flow from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle throughsaid -;passage; an annularmember carried by said nozzle and registering with the passage therein and which member is yieldable in the direction of its axis, and the arrangement of which is such that-itsinner periphery or wall moves inward radiallyand toward the axis of the passage aforesaid as said member is compressed; a reciprocating sleevesurrou'nding and movable upon said nozzle, and the upper end of .which is in engagement with said annular member; and

means for operating said sleeve at regularintervals to thereby compress said yieldable member as a stream of plastic material issues from said nozzle.

'8. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material; a, nozzle having-a passage through which plastic material may flow from said cylinder; a iston movable in said cylinder;

a rotating siaft operatively connected-with said piston; and means associated with said nozzle and operated from the shaft aforesaid for i reducing the cross-sectional area .of the stream of plastic material flowing through said passage at regular intervals along the length thereof.

9. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder ,adapted to contain a plastic material; a'n'ozzle having a passage throu' h which plastic material may flow from said cylinder; a pistonmovable in said cylinder;

a rotating shaft operatively. connected with said plston; an annular member carried by said nozzle and registering with the passage is movable radially relatively to the axis of the passage in said-nozzle; and means opperipheryof said annular member inward as aforesaid at regular-intervals as astream of plastic material issues from said nozzle.

10. In a machine of the class described, a

5 cylinder adapted to contain a plastic ma.- 'terial; a nozzle havingfa'passage through therein and the periphery or wall of which which plastic material may flow from said cylinder; a piston movable in said cylinder; a rotating shaft; a reciprocating slide operated by said. shaft; ratchet mechanism operated by said slide and through which said piston is operated; an annular member inward as aforesaid at regular intervals as. a stream of plast c'materlal issues from 831d" nozzle. 4 i r 11. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material; a nozzle having a passage through 105 erated by said shaft for 'rnovin the inner tervalsas a stream of which plastic material may flowfrom said cylinder; a piston movable insaid cylinder; a rotating shaft; a reciprocating slide operated by said shaft; ratchet mechanism operated by said slide and through which said piston is operated; and means associated with said nozzleand operated from theshaft aforesaid for.reducing the cross-sectional area of the stream of plastic material flowing through said passage at regular intervals along the length thereof.

12. In a machine of the class described a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material; a nozzle having a passage through which plastic material may fiow from said cylinder; a piston movable in said cylinder; a rotating shaft operatively connected with said piston; an annular member carried by said nozzle and registering with the passage therein, and the innerperiphery or wall of which is movable-radially relatively to the passage in said nozzle; -a reciprocating sleeve carried by said nozzle and which sleeve is operatively connected with said annular member; and means operated by said shaft for 'operating'said sleeve to there- 'by move the inner periphery of said annular member inward as aforesaid at regular inplastic materialissues from said nozzle. v

13. In a machine of'the class described; a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material; a nozzle having a passage through which plastic material may'flow from said cylinder; a piston operating in said cylinder; a rotating shaft; a reciprocating slide operated by said shaft; ratchet mechanism operated by said slide thrpugh which said piston is operated; cutting mechanism carried by said nozzle and adapted to sever a stream of plastic material issuing therefrom at regular intervals; and means operated by said" reciprocating slide for intermittently operating said cutting mechanism.

14. In a machine of the class described,

a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic materlal; a nozzle having a passage through which plastic material may flow. from said cylinder; a piston operating in said cylin-- der; a rotating shaft operatively connected with said piston; a rotating pulley carried by said nozzle; a swinging knife carried by said pulley and movable toward and from the axis of said nozzle; and means operated by said shaft for intermittently moving said knife toward the axis of said nozzle to thereby sever the stream ofplastic material issuing therefrom at regular intervals.

15. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material, a nozzle having a passage through which plastic material may-flow from said cylinder; a piston operating in said cylinder; a rotating shaft operatively connected with said piston; a rotating pulley carried an arm carried by said shaft; a reciprocating annular cam carried by said nozzle and adapted "to engagethe arm aforesaid to thereby swing said knife inward toward the axis of said nozzle; and means operated by said rotating shaft for operating said annular'cam. 1 I

16. In a machine of the class described, '.a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material; anozzle having a passage through which plastic material may flow from said 7 cylinder; 'a piston movable in said cylinder; a rotating shaft. operatively connectedwith said piston an annular member carried by said nozzle and registering with the passage-therein, and the inner periphery or wall of which is movable radially relatively to the axis of the passage in said nected with said reciprocating sliieve; a rof tating pulley carried by said reciprocating sleeve; a'swinging knife carried by said pulley and movable toward and from the axis of said nozzle; and means operated by said shaft for intermittently moving said knife toward the axis of said nozzle.

17. In a machine of the class described, a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material; a nozzle having a passage through which plastic material may flow from said cylinder; a piston movable in said cylinder; a rotating shaft; a reciprocating slide operated by said shaft; ratchet mechanism through which said piston is operated from said slide; an annular member carried by saidnozzleand 'registeringwith the passage therein, and the inner periphery or wall 0 which'is movable radially relative to the passage in said nozzle; a rotating pulley carried by said nozzle; an oscillating shaft .carried bysaid pulley, and the axis of which is parallel with the axis of said nozzle; an arm carried'by said oscillating :shaft; a swinging .-kn ife carried by said oscillating shaft; a reciprocating cam carried said knife inward toward the axis of said nozzle; and means whereby and through which said cam is operated from said recip'rocating slide.

18. In a machine of the class described a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic material; a passage leading from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle through said pas-' sage; means acting upon the stream of plastic material as it issues from said passagefor reducing the area of said stream at intervals along. the length thereof; and cutting mechanism located adjacent said passage and adapted to sever the stream of plastic material issuing there-from at regular intervals. v

'19. In a'machine'of the class described, a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic material; a passage le'adingfrom said receptacle; means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle through 531d assage;

' means for regularly and periodical y varying the area. of said passage as the plastic material flows therethrough, to thereby vary the area of the stream of plastic material issuing from said pasage at intervals along :the'length thereof; and cutting mechanism located adjacent saidstream. as it issues from said passage andadapted to sever said stream at regular intervals.

20.111 a machine of the class described,

.a receptacle adaptedv to contain a plastic material; a nozzle having a'passage through which plastic material'may flow from said receptacle; means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle through saidpassage; a constrictible member associated with said nozzle and adapted'to reduce the area of thepassage aforesaid; means for constricting said'inember at, regular inter- 'vals as plastic material flows from said receptacle through said passage; and cutting mechanism carried bv S2L1d I1OZZlG. and adapted 'tosever the stream of plastic material issuing-therefrom at regular intervals.

21,.In a machine of the class described, a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic material; a nozzle having a passage through which p'lastic'materialmay flow from said rial out from said; receptacle through said passage in receptacle;.means for forcing plastic matea substantially continuous stream; means earned by said nozzle and acting upon the stream of-plastic material .issulng therefrom for' reducing the crosssectional area of saidstream at re ular intervals; and cutting mechanism earned by' said nozzle and adapted to sever the stream of plastic material issuing therefrom at regular intervals. i

a 22. In a machine of the class described; a. fixed abutment; a nozzle carried by said abutment; a platform located below and spaced apart from said abutment; a cyl-' inder adapted to contain a plastic material, andwhich cylinder extends between said platform and said abutment; a piston adapted to operate insaid cylinder; and which piston-is movable into a position below the upper surface of said platform; and means for operating said piston.

23. In a machine of the class described" a fixed abutment; a nozzle carried by said abutment; 'aplatform spaced apart from said abutment; a cylinder adapted to con tain aplastic material, and which cylinder extends between said platform and said abutment; a piston adapted to operate in said cylinder, and which piston is movable into a positionbelow the lower .end thereof;

a rotating shaft. and ratchet. inechanism 'through which said piston'is'oper'ated from said shaft.

24; In a machine of the class described; a

fixed abutment; '3; nozzle carried by said fabutment; 1 a platform located below and spaced apart fromsaid abutment; a cylinder adapted' tocontain aplastic material, and which cylinder-extends between said platform and said abutment; a piston adapted to operate in said cylinder. and which piston is movable into a position below the upper surface of said platform; a rotating shaft;

a reciprocating slide operated by said shaft;

a screw operatively connected with said piston; and ratchetmechanismthrough which said screw'ls opera-ted intermittently from said reciprocating slide.

, fixedabutment; a nozzle carried by said abutment; a platform located below and spaced apart fromsaid abutment; a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material, and which cylinderlextends between said platform and said abutment; a piston adapted to operate in said cylinder, and which piston is movable into a position below tln upper surfaceofsaid platform; a screw operativel'y connected with said piston and adapted" to move the same in one direction;

a rotating shaft; means whereby said screw is operated intermittently from said shaft; a gear carried by said screw; and a pinion operatively' connected with said gear and (adapted to operate said screw to thereby move said piston in a reverse direction.

26.111 :1 machine of the class described, a receptacle adapted to contain a plastic material; a passage leading from said receptacle;

' means for forcing plastic material out from said receptacle through said passage; a rey no. 25. In a machine of the class described; a

ciprocating spindle disposed adjacent the passage; a' reciprocating spindle disposed a-d acent the outlet end of said passage and 'movable in the direction of the .axis'of said passage into the mass of plastic-materil ill contained therein; and cutting mechanism located adjacent the discharge end 'of said nozzle and adapted to sever the stream-of plastic material issuing theretrom at regular intervals. I t

28. In a machine of the class described, a

cylinder adapted to contain a plastic mate rial; ahead or abutment at the upper end of said cylinder; a nozzle carried by said abutment and having a passage extending there through; means for forcing plastic material out through said nozzle; guide members carried by said abutment and extending substantially parallel with the axis of said nozzle; a reciprocating spindle movable in' the direction of the axis of said nozzle and into the mass of plastic material issuing therefrom, and which spindleis guided in (its movement by said guides; and cutting of said nozzle; a cross-head movable upon and guided by said uidcs; a reciprocating spindle carried by said cross-head and mov: able in a di'rection parallel with the axis of said nozzle and '-into the mass of plastic.

material contained therein; and cutting mechanismilocatedjadjacent the .outlet end .of said passage land adapted'to sever the stream 0 plastic material issuing therefrom at regular lntervals.

30. In a machine of the class described, 5 cylinder adapted to contain a plastic mate-- rial; ahead or abutment at the upper'end of said cylinder; a-nozzle carried by said' abutment and having a passage extending therethrough; v means for forcing plasticmaterial out g through said nozzle; guide members carried by said abutment and extending substantially parallel With the 'axis a of sail nozzle;":-a cross-head movable 'upon .and guided by said guides; a guide tube carried by said cross-head; wspindle movable in said guidetube and in a direction parallel 'With the axis-of said nozzle and into .the

mass of plastic material issuing therefrom; a latch for-retaining said spindle in a lowermost position; a, spring operatively connected with said spindle, and adapted to move the same when released from the holding action of said latch; and cutting mechanism located adjacent the outlet end of said passage and adapted to severthe stream of plastic material issuing therefrom at regular intervals. I

3]. In a machineof the class described, a cylinder adapted to contain a plastic material. a head or abutment at the upper end of said cylinder-pa nozzle carried by said abutment and having a passage eitending therethrough; means for forcing plastic inaterial out through saidnozzle; guide members carried by said abutment and extending substantially' parallel with the axis of said nozzlezacross-head Il'lOViLblG relative to and guided in its movement by. said guides; a

guide tube carried by said crossrhead; stops supported by said guide members and adapted to limit theextent of movement of said cross-heads; a' reciprocating spindle operating in said guide tube and movable parallel with the axis of said nozzle and into the mass of plastic material issuing therefrom; latch mechanism carried by said cross-head and adaptedto engage and retain said rc ciprocatingspindle in its lowermost position;- and a spring operatively connectedwith the upper end of said spindle and adapted to move the same upward when said spindle is 'reliev'ed from the holding action of said latch mechanism. 1

82: In a machine of the 'class described, a cylinder adaptedt'o contain a-plastic 'ma terial; a nozzle having a passage through which plastic material may flow from said cylinder; a piston movable in said cylinder; arotating shaft; means operated from said shaft-- for forcing said piston into said cylinder to .thereby cause. plastic material to flow therefrom through said nozzle; an annular member carried by said nozzle and registering with the passa e therein, and the periphery or wall of Inch is movable radially relatively to the axis of said nozzle; an annular member carried by said nozzle and registering with the passage therein and which member is yieldable in,the direction of its axis, and 'thearrangement of which-is such that itsinner periphery or wall moves inward radially and toward the axisof the passage aforesaid as said member is compressed a reciprocating sleeve surrounding and movable upon said nozzle, and the upper end of which is in engagement 'with said annular member; a cam carried-by said shaft; an oscillating lever operated by satid .cam;'a pivotally supported lever operativelyconnected with the sleeve aforesaid; and .a link intermediate the free end of' said pivotally supported lever and said oscillating lever.

33. In .a'flmachine .of the class described,

a cylinder adapted .to contain a plastic material; a-nozzle' having a passage through which plastic material may flow from said cylinder; a plsto'n movable in said cylinder;

a rotating shaft; means operated from said nular member carried by said nozzle and' registering with the passage therein, and

- the periphery or wall of which is movable radially relatively to the axis of said nozzle; v an. annular member carried by .said"n( zzle and registering with :the passage therein, and which member is yieldable in thedire'cf wall m'oves inward radially and toward the axis of the passage-aforesaid'as said member is compressed a reciprocatirng sleeve surrounding andmovabl'e upon said nozzle; and a the upper end of which is in engagement with said annular member; as oscillating flever operated by said f camand the length of which lever is adjustable; and operating mechanism operated-l) said'lever and op:- eratively connected :WItlL the sleeve afore-g I said. a

1 cy lindergia iston movable-in said cylinder;

j a rota-tings aft; means operated from said 1 30.

shaft-for forcing said pisto'n' into said-cylinder to thereby c'ause plastic material to flow therefrom through said nozzle; an an-' nu-lar member carried by said nozzle and registering with the passage therein, and the periphery or wall ofwh-i ch is movable radi ally relatively to the axis of saidnozzle; an

annular member carried by said nozzle and registering with the "passage therein, and

:which member is yieldable in the direction of its axis, and the arrangement of which tion of its axis, and'the arrangement. of which is such that. its inner peripheryforj an adjustable member carried by said-sleeve and with which said cam engages; a second member carried by said sleeve and adjust- 'ablerelative thereto; a rod operated by said .last mentioned member; and. a pivotally supported lever with which said rod is op- 34. In a machine of the class described; a" cylinder adapted to jcontain' a plastic material; a- -nozz'1'e" having a passagethrough whichplastic material may flow from said eratively connected, and which last men-- said'sleeve. p

'In',,.testimony whereof I afiii: my signature.

' HECTOR RABEZZANA. 

